When Zimbabwe took its flagship tourism expo out of the capital and planted it in Mutare, it was more than a logistical decision. It was a policy signal.
The 18th edition of the Sanganai/Hlanganani Tourism Expo, held for the first time in Mutare, Manicaland province, marked a strategic shift in how tourism is being positioned within Zimbabwe’s broader economic transformation agenda.
At stake was not simply destination marketing, but the deeper question of whether tourism can meaningfully drive inclusive growth, devolved development and local enterprise participation across Southern Africa’s increasingly competitive travel economy.
Running under the theme “Devolving Sustainable Tourism Development – Our Future,” the week-long event brought together international buyers, regional tourism operators, policymakers and community stakeholders at a time when African tourism is rebounding sharply after the COVID-19 shock. According to UN Tourism (formerly UNWTO), Africa’s international tourist arrivals recovered to nearly 90% of pre-pandemic levels in 2024, outpacing global averages and reinforcing tourism’s role as a high-impact growth sector for emerging economies.
Tourism as a Provincial Economic Catalyst
For Manicaland, a province long recognised for its natural endowments but underrepresented in large-scale tourism investment, the expo provided a rare opportunity to reposition itself within regional tourism circuits.
From the Eastern Highlands to cultural heritage sites, the province has historically lacked the infrastructure visibility enjoyed by Victoria Falls or Hwange.
Minister of State for Manicaland Provincial Affairs and Devolution, Misheck Mugadza, framed the hosting of Sanganai/Hlanganani as a practical demonstration of Zimbabwe’s devolution policy.
“This theme speaks directly to government’s devolution agenda, where investment is not just about infrastructure, but about empowering local communities, creating jobs, stimulating entrepreneurship and ensuring tourism revenues circulate within locally,” Mugadza said.
“Hosting this event in Manicaland is a recognition that provinces are engines of growth and that sustainable tourism development must be inclusive.
“As a host province we take pride in being the launchpad for these opportunities, offering investors and partners a platform to co-create prosperity with our people.”
The economic logic is compelling. Tourism is one of the few sectors with strong multiplier effects, linking transport, accommodation, agriculture, crafts, retail and informal trade.
World Bank research shows that every dollar spent by a tourist in developing economies can generate up to three dollars in indirect economic activity, particularly in local services.
In Mutare, those linkages were visible almost immediately.
Local Business Gains and Urban Spillovers
Accommodation facilities across the city reported full occupancy throughout the expo period.
Restaurants, transport operators, informal traders and craft vendors experienced a surge in demand, underscoring tourism’s capacity to inject liquidity directly into local economies.
Matthew Takura, Sales Manager at Golden Peacock Villa Hotel, described the decentralisation of the expo as a “strategic breakthrough” for the Eastern Highlands, enabling local businesses to engage directly with international buyers and domestic tour operators.
Small-scale traders echoed the sentiment. Thandiwe Moyo, who operates a craft and food stall in Mutare, said the expo had a tangible impact on household income.
“I have been selling traditional crafts and snacks to visitors and it has been amazing. I even had to hire extra staff to keep up with the demand,” she said.
Such outcomes align with regional development priorities under the Southern African Development Community (SADC), which has identified tourism as a key vehicle for spatially inclusive growth, particularly in secondary cities and rural areas.
Infrastructure, Connectivity and Market Access
Beyond immediate business activity, Sanganai/Hlanganani also catalysed infrastructure improvements that could yield longer-term returns.
The refurbishment of Grand Reef Aerodrome, upgrades to feeder roads, and the revitalisation of Mutare Sports Club point to the often-overlooked role of events tourism in accelerating public and private investment.
Crucially, the expo coincided with improved transport connectivity. The event triggered new transport links, including daily Air Zimbabwe flights between Harare and Mutare and the revival of National Railways of Zimbabwe passenger services.
Improved connectivity addresses one of the biggest constraints facing intra-African tourism: access.
According to the African Development Bank (ADB), poor air and rail linkages remain a major barrier to unlocking regional tourism flows, despite growing middle-class travel demand across Southern Africa.
Inclusive Growth and Policy Alignment
At a policy level, Sanganai reinforced the strategic alignment between tourism development and Zimbabwe’s Vision 2030, which seeks to transition the economy toward upper-middle-income status.
By recognising provinces as “engines of growth,” the expo underscored a shift away from capital-centric development models.
Analysts say tourism’s multiplier effect makes it a powerful development lever. World Bank studies show that tourism spending in developing economies generates significant indirect employment and SME growth.
They note that decentralised hosting of major expos can help rebalance investment patterns, reduce pressure on major cities, and unlock underutilised regional assets.
Similar approaches have been adopted in South Africa, where tourism indabas increasingly spotlight secondary destinations to broaden participation.
A Regional Signal
For regional investors and tour operators, Sanganai/Hlanganani sent a clear message: Zimbabwe’s tourism growth strategy is evolving beyond flagship destinations toward a more distributed, community-linked model.
As African tourism becomes more competitive, destinations that combine authentic cultural experiences, improved infrastructure and inclusive value chains are likely to attract sustained investment.
Looking Ahead
The challenge now lies in converting and sustaining expo momentum into durable outcomes through continued investment, skills development and community participation.
Sustaining air routes, maintaining infrastructure and supporting local enterprises with skills, finance and market access will determine whether Manicaland’s tourism promise translates into long-term economic value.
Still, the 18th Sanganai/Hlanganani Expo demonstrated that when tourism policy, provincial leadership and community participation align, the sector can serve as a powerful lever for inclusive growth—not only in Zimbabwe, but across Southern Africa’s emerging tourism economies.
Sanganai/Hlanganani 2025 demonstrated that devolved tourism development can rebalance growth and unlock regional economic potential, offering lessons for Southern Africa’s broader tourism strategy.